Taking the dynamics of multilingual encounters as its starting point, the publication addresses the complexities of subtitling, the challenges associated with translation processes and the multifaceted relationship between cinematic and linguistic content. Visual material from Lea Hopp’s video work "Rengashis’ Room" enters into dialogue with an essay by Sulgi Lie on artistic strategies of text-image juxtaposition and their theoretical implications, while a conversation between Hopp and Carol O’Sullivan sheds light on the manifold functions fulfilled by subtitles throughout their history.
View lessDer Band konstelliert Gedicht-Übersetzungen, Roman-Auszug, Gespräch und künstlerische Essays der Dichterin Zsuka Nagy, d* Lyriker*in und Chemiker*in Łęko Zygmuntówne und des Schriftstellers und Dramaturgen Sergej Davydov um die Frage, wie unterschiedliche Zeitlichkeiten das Material und die Sprache der Literaturen formen. In den Arbeiten der drei Autor*innen werden je eigene — trans*, queere oder genderambige — Zeiterfahrungen artikuliert und in ihrer Verstrickung in historische und gesellschaftliche Zeitordnungen sichtbar gemacht. Die Texte erschreiben gegenläufige Geschichts-, Gegenwarts- und Zukunftsentwürfe, die sich ihren teils oppressiven Kontexten widersetzen.
View lessDie vorliegende Publikation versammelt mit Eliana Alves Cruz, Conceição Evaristo, Ana Maria Gonçalves, Leda Maria Martins und Amara Moira fünf bedeutsame Stimmen der zeitgenössischen brasilianischen Literatur. Die versammelten Texte stehen im Dialog mit dem Wandel der literarischen Szene Brasiliens, in der historisch marginalisierte Stimmen einen zentralen Platz im kulturellen Schaffen des Landes einnehmen — eine Neudefinition der brasilianischen Literatur und Erweiterung ihrer Ausdrucksmöglichkeiten.
View lessDie Preisfragen der französischen Akademien entwickelten sich im 18. Jahrhundert zu einem populären Medium der europäischen Gelehrtenrepublik. Durch die ungewöhnlich inklusiven Zugangsbedingungen mobilisierte der concours académique eine beträchtliche Teilnehmer*innenschaft über den herkömmlichen Gelehrtenstand hinaus. Dieses öffentlichkeitswirksame Genre erschließt die Breite des zeitgenössischen Wissenstransfers abseits der bekannten Autoren und etablierten Debattenforen. Martin Urmann geht in seiner Studie der Frühgeschichte des concours académique seit 1670 nach und rekonstruiert die wissens- und mediengeschichtlichen Voraussetzungen dieser vielbeachteten, aber noch immer wenig erforschten Gattung. Die Preisfragenpraxis gründet tief in den Langfristtraditionen von Dialektik und Rhetorik und verbindet die frühneuzeitlichen Akademien entgegen deren historischer Selbstdarstellung mit den scholastischen Wissenstechniken an den Universitäten. Der concours académique wirft somit ein anderes Licht auf die Gelehrtenkultur der Sozietätsbewegung und legt deren agonale Wurzeln frei. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird sodann der sich wandelnde Geltungsanspruch greifbar, den die Preisfragenliteratur im Laufe des 18. Jahrhunderts bekundet. Nun werden speziell die prix d’éloquence zu einem Reflexionsmedium der prägenden epistemischen Verschiebungen innerhalb der Gelehrtenrepublik seit dem 17. Jahrhundert. Sie gehen den tiefgreifenden Veränderungen, die mit der Umstellung auf Distanzkommunikation im Medium der Schrift und mit dem Wissensmodus der Akkumulation von Fakten verbunden sind, kritisch auf den Grund.
View lessMichael Maiers Atalanta fugiens (1617/18) zählt ohne Frage zu den Werken, die unser Bild von ‚Alchemie‘ am meisten geprägt haben. Neben den Fugen und Emblemen, denen die Atalanta ihre Prominenz verdankt, bietet die textkritische Edition von Simon Brandl erstmals eine moderne Übersetzung der lateinischen Begleittexte (der sogenannten Discursus), jeweils versehen mit einem ausführlichen Kommentar. Dieser dient dem Nachweis von Quellen, dem Verständnis obskurer Textstellen sowie der Erläuterung des in der Atalanta verarbeiteten Wissens. Dieses Wissen ist im Wesentlichen ein chemisch-praktisches, wie es um 1600 in verschlüsselter Form durch althergebrachte Florilegien und Vers-Bild-Traktate tradiert wurde. Maier imitiert in der Atalanta den intransparenten Charakter dieser Bücher, indem er das verhandelte (al)chemische Wissen anhand einer Fülle von Allegorien auf den Gebieten von Mythologie, Historiographie, Medizin, Zoologie und Astronomie vermittelt. Hierbei nimmt die Mythologie insofern eine exponierte Stellung ein, als Maier in dieser prinzipiell nichts anderes erkennt als einen Kosmos von (al)chemischen Allegorien. Im Zentrum der chymia – so lautet Maiers Alchemie-Begriff – steht die Zeugung des Steins der Weisen, der Gesundheit und nie versiegenden Reichtum spendet. Indes dient die Atalanta erklärtermaßen nicht dem Erlernen der Laborpraxis, sondern dem ‚Genuss mit allen Sinnen‘ sowie, im Zuge der Allegorese der chymischen Geheimnisse, einer Schulung des Intellekts. Das didaktische Programm der Atalanta offenbart sich vor diesem Hintergrund als ein ‚ludus‘, in dem sich das kreative Spiel der Natur widerspiegelt.
View less“What do you do with the archive once it has let you in? What do you do if it resists your touch, if it starts to slip away from you and crumble to ashes in the fragments’ lack of framing?” Emerging from a collaboration between the artist Julia Lübbecke and After Accumulation, a working group concerned with the archive as a site where selective visibility, dynamics of power and the desire for preservation intersect, the publication combines a photographic documentation of Lübbecke’s exhibition Kleber und Falten (2023–2024) with contributions that critically explore archival practices and the archive’s inherently compromised materiality.
View lessNatural Resources in Early Modern Economies of Knowledge investigates the epistemological dimension and the social embedding of early modern resource policies. It especially addresses the knowledge economy of two resource groups ‒ water and extracted minerals ‒ in their cultural contexts. The study of the practical dimension implies that special attention is paid to labor activities such as mining, fishing and engineering, while the investigation of the cognitive dimension concerns the codification and transmission of knowledge about terrestrial and aquatic resources, both vernacular and scientific. The contributions of this volume provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge layers that underpinned the material and immaterial economy of the early modern period in fields such as natural history, proto-geology, metallurgy, alchemy, early hydrology, ichthyology, tidal theories, natural philosophy and cosmology. They address the multi-layered episteme of resource-related knowledge from the sixteenth to the late eighteenth century, and argue for the intertwining of social organization, practices (including the use of technology), and theoretical learning. The articles also point out the ecological roots and consequences of economic-epistemological activities and the shifting conceptualization of the natural resources that were exploited and valued.
View lessThe 2022 FIFA World Cup is held in Qatar, one of the most autocratic regimes in the world. Authoritarian regimes increasingly use major international sporting events to improve their international reputation and distract from human rights abuses. The project PAYOFF aims to show whether hosting “authoritarian games” influences public opinion abroad, and whether it pays off for authoritarian regimes to host a major sporting event like the 2022 World Cup to increase their legitimacy in the eyes of external audiences.
We fielded an online panel survey (repeated measures, within-subjects design) with three waves before (November), during (November/December) and after the FIFA World Cup (February/March) in eight European countries (Germany, Sweden, Italy, Great Britain, Croatia, Romania, Poland and Hungary). We trace and analyze respondents' attitudes towards Qatar over time. The study also includes several survey experiments.
View lessThis survey is part of the research project The Ecology of Individuals’ Disposition for Climate Change Populism, funded by the SCRIPTS Cluster of Excellence. The project aims to investigate how global, national, and individual-level factors shape climate change skepticism and action. Unlike many studies that focus solely on individual-level, socio-economic determinants of climate-change attitudes, this survey examines the interactions between micro and macro-level mediators of such attitudes. The survey was conducted in the Philippines from March to April 2024. Respondents were recruited through online access panels (double opt-in) established by RAKUTEN, an external survey contractor. Details about their recruitment methods and panels are provided in the attached documentation. The survey was administered by RAKUTEN using the CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing) method. The target population consisted of adults (18+) holding Philippine citizenship. A quota sampling method, based on age, gender, and region of residence, was employed to ensure a representative sample. The final sample size was 1,500 respondents. The survey explores levels of skepticism about climate change in relation to 1) trend skepticism (doubts about whether climate change is happening or real), 2) attribution skepticism (doubts about the role of humans in driving climate change), 3) impact skepticism (doubts about the seriousness of climate change threat), 4) respondents’ reasoning for or against reducing emissions in their home country, and 5) their willingness to take action to reduce the effect of climate change. In addition to standard socio-demographic questions, respondents answered questions about trust in science and scientists, self-efficacy, personal freedoms, authoritarian personality traits, overconfidence, and individual exposure to global influences. The survey included both standard questions and survey experiments. Where available, we adapted suitable questions from other social surveys, the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) Environmental modules, the World Values Survey, the Eurobarometer, and the Public Attitudes Toward Liberal Script Survey (PALS). The science populism scale was taken from Mede, Schäfer, and Füchslin (2021). Mede, Niels G; Schäfer, Mike S; Füchslin, Tobias (2021). The SciPop Scale for measuring science-related populist attitudes in surveys: Development, test, and validation. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 33(2):273-293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edaa026
View lessBeginning in the late 1960s, the Argentinian conceptual artist Mirtha Dermisache (1940–2012) produced publications that consist of asemic writing: marks that resemble language but lack semantic content. Her artist’s books, letters and postcards challenge habitual responses to both art and literature, leading us to re-evaluate how language works, how we perceive it, and how it might be distinguished from drawing. This publication brings together three academic essays and an artist’s tribute, each offering a distinct approach to “reading” Mirtha Dermisache.
View less"Illegibilities Reflecting Reading" sounds out the multifaceted practices and effects of reading by focusing on reading from its absolute limit. The illegible exposes, albeit in the negative, the promise of writing to communicate, and makes reading as an aesthetic and semiotic practice accessible to reflection in a particular way. Just as reading can imply a wide range of processes, illegibility unfolds as a spectrum of failed or only partially successful decoding operations. The experience of illegibility as an unfulfilled expectation includes, for example, the fundamental unreadability of asemic graphisms, the potentially defeasible illegibility of coded texts, texts in unlearned sign systems or defaced writing, and the incomprehensibility of readable texts. By engaging with the fringes and margins of reading, the essays assembled in this volume address the practice not only as an automatic process of deciphering signs, of searching for and assigning meaning – they specifically highlight those moments when reading becomes self-referential in sensory perception, performative, experimental, transgressive or political. Reading is investigated as an embodied interaction with textual artefacts, as a basis for collective performance or as a practice of attention, and as the privileged and exclusionary mode of Western epistemology. It is addressed in its intimate relationship with writing, and questioned as a metaphor for understanding and interpreting the world.
View lessDem Konzept der ‚Affordanz‘, das insbesondere durch den Wahrnehmungspsychologen James J. Gibson geprägt wurde, liegt die Auffassung zugrunde, dass der Umwelt und ihren natürlichen wie artifiziellen Objekten ‚Angebote‘ inhärent sind, die von Lebewesen unmittelbar wahrgenommen werden können und einen entsprechenden Umgang mit ihnen ermöglichen. In Designtheorie und Soziologie ist dieser Ansatz breit rezipiert worden, um sowohl Fragen nach einem spezifischen Umgang mit Material als auch nach Handlungsprivilegien im Kontext von Subjekt-Objekt-Dichotomien zu diskutieren. Innerhalb der Kultur- und Literaturwissenschaften wurde das Konzept dazu herangezogen, um die Relationen zwischen Artefakten wie Bildern oder Texten und ihren sozialen wie materiellen Bedingtheiten – gerade in ihrer Wechselseitigkeit – zu bestimmen. Im Hinblick auf die Untersuchung von Texten kommt dem Konzept der Affordanz in seinem Verhältnis zu Form eine zentrale Rolle zu. Der von Jutta Eming, Claire Taylor Jones und Carolin Pape herausgegebene Sammelband widmet sich diesem Konzept. Er geht auf eine im Juli 2022 veranstaltete internationale und interdisziplinäre Tagung zurück und stellt die dort diskutierten Ansätze vor, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Konzepts der Affordanz und seiner Verbindungen zu Formen auszuloten. Im Zentrum der Auseinandersetzung stehen die Affordanzen erzählter Materialitäten innerhalb verschiedener Erzähltexte, außertextueller Objekte wie Ausstellungsgegenständen oder Schrifttypen, spezifischer Gattungen, Textsorten und Schreibweisen sowie textinhärenter Strukturen.
View lessAn Annotation Scheme and Corpus for Causality in Political Text. PolitiCAUSE is a corpus of political texts annotated for causality. We provide two types of information: (1) whether a sentence contains a causal relation or not (2) the spans of text that correspond to the cause and effect components of the causal relation. The dataset is available in two ways: (1) As a full dataset containing all annotations and statistics for 55,754 annotation instances. (2) As a train, validation and test splits containing the text and the label of 17,780 unique sentences. We benchmarked the dataset using three transformer-based classification models, the models achieve a moderate performance on the dataset, with a MCC score of 0.62. PolitiCAUSE is a valuable resource for studying causality in texts, especially in the domain of political discourse.
View lessThe Academic Freedom in Constitutions (AFC) dataset is a global comparative dataset with de jure provisions on academic freedom at the level of national constitutions. It covers constitutional guarantees of the freedom of science, of academic freedom, of university autonomy, as well as of the freedom of teaching in 203 countries, spanning the period from 1789 to 2022.
Under what conditions are people prepared to accept restrictions on their personal freedoms in order to protect their own well-being and health, but above all the well-being and health of others? What do decision-making processes have to look like in order to be regarded as legitimate by citizens? Are there freedoms that people do not want to give up under any circumstances? What role does the democratic quality of a political regime play in these questions, and what is the role of various cultural characteristics? These questions, which refer to the area of tension between individual liberties and collective welfare, arise with particular urgency in view of the worldwide Corona pandemic, but also with a view to future crises, such as the impending climate catastrophe. To study these questions, DAPEK surveyed 9,000 respondents from six countries (Germany, Hungary, Japan, Poland, South Korea, and Spain – 1,500 respondents each) in November … Under what conditions are people prepared to accept restrictions on their personal freedoms in order to protect their own well-being and health, but above all the well-being and health of others? What do decision-making processes have to look like in order to be regarded as legitimate by citizens? Are there freedoms that people do not want to give up under any circumstances? What role does the democratic quality of a political regime play in these questions, and what is the role of various cultural characteristics? These questions, which refer to the area of tension between individual liberties and collective welfare, arise with particular urgency in view of the worldwide Corona pandemic, but also with a view to future crises, such as the impending climate catastrophe. To study these questions, DAPEK surveyed 9,000 respondents from six countries (Germany, Hungary, Japan, Poland, South Korea, and Spain – 1,500 respondents each) in November …
View lessAuthor Ricardo Romero and journalist Hernán D. Caro discuss Latin American literature, magical realism and narrative echoes.