Was bedeutet die verteidigungspolitische Wende Deutschlands für seine öffentlichen Finanzen? Dieser Beitrag offeriert einfache Formeln, mit denen zentrale finanzpolitische Implikationen quantifiziert werden können. Es zeigt sich, dass eine reine Kreditfinanzierung bereits nach wenigen Jahren eine kräftige Schuldenspirale auslösen würde. Die optimale Steuerung der Staatsverschuldung sieht vielmehr so aus, dass die Schuldenstandsquote bis Anfang 2030 fallen soll und danach konstant bleiben soll. Die erforderliche Erhöhung der Steuerquote ist beträchtlich. Die verteidigungspolitische Wende geht mit einer permanenten Erhöhung der Steuerquote um rund drei Prozentpunkte einher. Hinzu kommt die von der Bevölkerungsalterung bedingte Erhöhung der Steuerquote.

Synopsis:

Machine Translation (MT) models knowingly suffer from gender bias, especially for genders beyond the binary. Since issues of non-binary representation and language use are still often neglected in both Translation Studies (TS) and MT, this book investigates the translation and post-editing of gender-fair language beyond the binary in a process and product-oriented study. Twelve language professionals were recruited and asked to either translate or post-edit three brief English texts into German. In each text, they had to use a different gender-fair language approach, i.e. (i) gender-neutral rewording, (ii) gender-inclusive characters, and (iii) neosystems.

Data on the translation and post-editing process were collected by combining non-participant observation, screen recordings, and interviews. The produced target texts were annotated to elicit product data. The focus of the study was not on translation quality but rather on the ease and success of integrating gender-fair language into the translation and post-editing process. Findings show that post-editing is generally faster than translation, and that the use of neosystems increases screen activity as well as perceived cognitive effort, which in turn reduces success in using gender-fair language. Finally, participants indicated a clear preference for a combination of gender-neutral and gender-inclusive strategies.

Synopsis:

The three-volume work Negation in the world's languages constitutes a major step forward in the comparative study of negation. It includes 43 chapters describing the negation system of one language each, following a typologically and functionally oriented questionnaire. The questionnaire is a comparative tool organized according to functional subdomains of negation. It highlights aspects of negation that have been found salient in typological research, such as standard negation, negation in non-declaratives, negation of stative predications and negative indefinite pronouns. At the same time it aims at a comprehensive coverage of the domain of negation and also allows room for language specific features to be highlighted. By using the questionnaire, the chapters have produced comparable datasets of the negation systems of a wide variety of languages from different families and areas. The contributions are also good examples of the fruitful cooperation between typologists and descriptive linguists in the context of diversity linguistics. On the one hand, typological knowledge is essential for language description as it helps descriptive linguists see their data in a broader perspective, ask new questions and come up with new analyses. On the other hand, typologists are crucially dependent on work done by descriptive linguists for their data collection.

The selection of languages is mainly a result of the response to an open call for papers, originally launched for the workshop on negation organized in connection with the Syntax of the World's Languages VIII conference in Paris in 2018. To balance the representation of different continents, authors working on languages from the areas that were initially least covered were invited to take part. The languages are distributed across the three volumes according to geography, following the macroareal divisions in the Glottolog. The first volume includes languages from Africa, the second one covers languages from Eurasia, and the third one brings together languages from Papunesia, Australia, North America and South America.

Synopsis:

The three-volume work Negation in the world's languages constitutes a major step forward in the comparative study of negation. It includes 43 chapters describing the negation system of one language each, following a typologically and functionally oriented questionnaire. The questionnaire is a comparative tool organized according to functional subdomains of negation. It highlights aspects of negation that have been found salient in typological research, such as standard negation, negation in non-declaratives, negation of stative predications and negative indefinite pronouns. At the same time it aims at a comprehensive coverage of the domain of negation and also allows room for language specific features to be highlighted. By using the questionnaire, the chapters have produced comparable datasets of the negation systems of a wide variety of languages from different families and areas. The contributions are also good examples of the fruitful cooperation between typologists and descriptive linguists in the context of diversity linguistics. On the one hand, typological knowledge is essential for language description as it helps descriptive linguists see their data in a broader perspective, ask new questions and come up with new analyses. On the other hand, typologists are crucially dependent on work done by descriptive linguists for their data collection.

The selection of languages is mainly a result of the response to an open call for papers, originally launched for the workshop on negation organized in connection with the Syntax of the World's Languages VIII conference in Paris in 2018. To balance the representation of different continents, authors working on languages from the areas that were initially least covered were invited to take part. The languages are distributed across the three volumes according to geography, following the macroareal divisions in the Glottolog. The first volume includes languages from Africa, the second one covers languages from Eurasia, and the third one brings together languages from Papunesia, Australia, North America and South America.

This book is complemented by volume I available at https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/495 and volume III available at https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/497.

Synopsis:

The three-volume work Negation in the world's languages constitutes a major step forward in the comparative study of negation. It includes 43 chapters describing the negation system of one language each, following a typologically and functionally oriented questionnaire. The questionnaire is a comparative tool organized according to functional subdomains of negation. It highlights aspects of negation that have been found salient in typological research, such as standard negation, negation in non-declaratives, negation of stative predications and negative indefinite pronouns. At the same time it aims at a comprehensive coverage of the domain of negation and also allows room for language specific features to be highlighted. By using the questionnaire, the chapters have produced comparable datasets of the negation systems of a wide variety of languages from different families and areas. The contributions are also good examples of the fruitful cooperation between typologists and descriptive linguists in the context of diversity linguistics. On the one hand, typological knowledge is essential for language description as it helps descriptive linguists see their data in a broader perspective, ask new questions and come up with new analyses. On the other hand, typologists are crucially dependent on work done by descriptive linguists for their data collection.

The selection of languages is mainly a result of the response to an open call for papers, originally launched for the workshop on negation organized in connection with the Syntax of the World's Languages VIII conference in Paris in 2018. To balance the representation of different continents, authors working on languages from the areas that were initially least covered were invited to take part. The languages are distributed across the three volumes according to geography, following the macroareal divisions in the Glottolog. The first volume includes languages from Africa, the second one covers languages from Eurasia, and the third one brings together languages from Papunesia, Australia, North America and South America.

This book is complemented by volume II available at https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/496 and volume III available at https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/497.

Synopsis:

This book investigates the development of the indefinite cualquiera in European and Argentinian Spanish, tracing their path from modal meanings like free choice and random selection to evaluative and even pejorative uses. Drawing on corpus data, variation across dialects, and formal semantic tools, the study probes how transparent these shifts are and what they reveal about the mechanisms of meaning change. The findings will interest linguists working on indefinites, variation, or the interface between form and interpretation—whether in synchrony or diachrony.

Synopsis:

This collection of Kilmeri texts provides insight into the language and culture of the Kilmeri people in northern Papua New Guinea. Six narrators tell stories about their clans, their land, and its food supply during the ‘golden age’ as well as today. Life in the bush is never easy, as evil spirits often hinder people's efforts to find food. Readers will be introduced to a variety of genres, including legendary deeds of Kilmeri heroes, old village life, contemporary village life, and other oral traditions. All texts are presented in a parallel text version (Kilmeri-English) and in an interlinearised version. Each text is preceded by an introduction that describes the anthropological background and context of the story.

Synopsis:

Since the launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT in 2022, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has started reshaping what it means to work as a professional translator in an industry that is becoming increasingly automated. This prompts us to interrogate, once again, the role and agency of human translators in the translation process or, in other words, the intrinsically human value and values they add to it. A natural corollary is that GenAI forces us translator educators to (re-)interrogate what we do in our translation programmes. Whatever we may think or feel about GenAI, we owe it to our students to engage with it in our programmes. However, because GenAI is not just another tool in the translator’s toolkit, we must also to do so in a way that raises students’ awareness of some of the ethical and sustainability issues around it.

This is what Teaching Translation in the Age of Generative AI: New Paradigm, New Learning aims to do. Articulated around three main parts, Part 1 explores the new skills and competences translator educators need to help their students develop in the age of GenAI. In Part 2, the focus shifts to the new knowledge (such as data literacy and prompting) that students in translation programmes need to engage with in the age of GenAI. Finally, Part 3 puts some flesh on the bones, as it reviews some of the new teaching approaches adopted by colleagues since the advent of GenAI. It does so by introducing the reader to a series of vignettes taken from a variety of translation-related disciplines and contexts.

Throughout the entire edited volume, the ambition is to be as accessible as possible, so that this volume can be of help to as many of us in translation education as possible, as we all learn to negotiate the uncharted territory of GenAI.

Synopsis:

Digitale Ressourcen, Methoden und Werkzeuge sind heute in verschiedensten Bereichen von Translation und Translatologie anzutreffen. Es genügt also nicht mehr, in diesem Zusammenhang nur ganz allgemein von Maschineller Übersetzung, Korpora und Termdatenbanken zu sprechen. Diesem Umstand trägt der Band Rechnung: In Überblicksbeiträgen mit Handbuchcharakter wird ein Querschnitt des Digitalen in Translationsforschung, -praxis und -didaktik wiedergegeben. Dieser reicht von historischen und psychologischen Betrachtungen über Risikomanagement in digitalen Übersetzungsprozessen, Digitalisierung und KI im Dolmetschen, in der Audiovisuellen Translation und im Literarischen Übersetzen bis hin zur Skizze eines KI-Kompetenzmodells für die Translation und Fachkommunikation, um nur eine Auswahl aus der Themenvielfalt des Bandes zu benennen. Die einführend gehaltenen Texte eignen sich für Translationsstudierende ebenso wie für Lehrende und Forschende, die neue Bereiche der Digitalen Translatologie erkunden wollen, und nicht zuletzt für Praktizierende, die zugängliche Einblicke in den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zur Digitalen Translatologie erhalten wollen.

Der Preis dieses Buches wird auf 40,00€ in Deutschland festgesetzt.

Synopsis:

This collection contains ten folk stories in Modole, a Papuan language of the North Moluccas in eastern Indonesia. They were first published in 1916 by Dutch missionary G.J. Ellen and appear here re-edited, translated into English and with interlinear glossings.

In addition, the book offers the first grammatical description of Modole, as well as information on the Modole people and their culture and environment.

Synopsis:

This collection of Ende stories and songs contains 20 texts from the Ende Language Corpus, a repository of Ende language and culture. The texts were compiled by the Ende Language Committee and represent a diverse set of authors, illustrators, and translators from the community. Each text is accompanied by a summary, contextual background, and presented in two formats: a running text format in parallel with an English translation, and an interlinearized format with English translations at the morpheme and sentence levels. The texts cover a broad slice of Ende life and are organized into five thematic parts: Animal Tales and Origin Stories, Tales of Hunting and Survival, Heroic or Legendary Stories, Tales of Misbehavior and Consequence, and Odes and Reflections on the Natural World. Audio versions of all the texts are available online through the Ende Language Corpus.

Synopsis:

Japhug is a vulnerable Gyalrongic language, which belongs to the Trans-Himalayan (Sino-Tibetan) family. It is spoken by several thousand speakers in Mbarkham county, Rngaba district, Sichuan province, China. This grammar is the result of nearly 20 years of fieldwork on one variety of Japhug, based on a corpus of narratives and conversations, a large part of which is available from the Pangloss Collection. It covers the whole grammar of the language, and the text examples provide a unique insight into Gyalrong culture. It was written with a general linguistics audience in mind, and should prove useful not only to specialists of Trans-Himalayan historical linguistics and typologists, but also to anthropologists doing research in Gyalrong areas. It is also hoped that some readers will use it to learn Japhug and pursue research on this fascinating language in the future.

This book is a revised version of https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/295

Synopsis:

This book investigates adjectival inflections and the article ein in many different contexts in German including in various non-canonical contexts. It pursues two goals. On the one hand, it strives to provide a more comprehensive description and account of adjectival inflections and the article ein. This includes an examination of the interaction of these two elements. On the other hand, it seeks to identify similarities between these different types of elements to address certain theoretical questions. It is argued that adjectival inflections are not a reflex of (in-)definiteness, (non-)restrictiveness of the interpretation of adjectives, or referentiality; ein is argued not to be a reflex of indefiniteness, emotiveness, or singular number/countability. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that these two elements indicate abstract structural differences: adjectival inflections in the higher portion of the noun phrase, ein in the lower part of the noun phrase. In addition, both types of elements make certain abstract elements visible: adjectival inflections make features for case, number, and gender visible; ein supports overt operators or flags the presence of covert ones. Overall, it is concluded that these two types of elements have neither semantics of their own nor do they make such features visible – they are semantically vacuous.

Synopsis:

This book is a collection of 15 narratives in Hewramî. It offers a unique window into the life of Hewramî speakers, including their oral and social history, social relations, recollections of past life, and storytelling traditions. The stories were told by five narrators. All the stories have been transcribed, translated, annotated, and analysed.

The volume contains an introduction that provides an overview of the language and speech community. The texts are presented in two formats: as parallel column texts (Hewramî/English) and as interlinearised glossed texts, containing detailed linguistic analysis. Many of the narratives contain elements of hagiographies, focusing on moral lessons. This book complements the Hewramî grammar.