The twenty-first century is the century of displacement. An unprecedented 125 million individu-als are currently displaced globally, with 40 million of them being internationally displaced and crossing international borders. The majority of these displaced individuals gravitate toward urban areas in search of asylum, protection, and sanctuary. However, within cities, internationally dis-placed migrants encounter formidable challenges arising from increasingly restrictive, violent, and market-driven migration regimes, rendering them vulnerable to social, economic, political, and legal insecurity. These challenges are compounded by a pervasive housing crisis and the proliferation of urban displacement phenomena, such as evictions and homelessness. These multifaceted processes and conditions continue to further displace those already displaced in-ternationally; and they multiply displacement processes and experiences. In this dissertation, I examine the enduring coercion and dispossession experienced by inter-nationally displaced migrants, demonstrating that such experiences persist and intensify long after migrants’ arrival in urban centers. The core objective of this thesis is to understand the ex-tent to which the urban governance of internationally displaced migrants in cities is embedded in wider structures of neoliberal and austerity urbanism, and (re)produces global structures and processes of displacement. Overall, this cumulative thesis explains that the combination of the precarious legal status of people produced in response to international displacement and through violent migration governance, and exclusionary and racialized urban migration and hous-ing policies, produce what I call multiplied displacement. Multiplied displacement describes the intersecting, overlapping, and mutually reinforcing forms, processes, experiences, and factors relevant for the (re)production of displacement against the backdrop of international displace-ment, and urban processes of marginalization, exclusion, and unhousing in cities of arrival. This thesis includes eight scholarly articles, in which I employ various perspectives and case studies to elucidate the complexities inherent in these issues across different geographical and urban contexts. Specifically, my work scrutinizes urban governance structures and their implica-tions through case studies in Europe and the United States. Central to my investigation is the revelation of the economic imperatives driving displacement, whereby multiple urban stake-holders profit from the perpetual relocation of migrants. This includes exploring the racialization processes that underpin displacement, as well as the emergence of neoliberal forms of sanctu-ary and support for displaced populations. By conceptualizing cities as both recipients and pro-ducers of displacement, this dissertation encompasses the creation of systematic knowledge about the way displacement shapes contemporary cities, how it relates to urban housing mar-kets and governance processes, and its embeddedness in wider structures of racial exclusion and marginalization in cities.
