dc.contributor.author
Bruneau, Alix
dc.contributor.author
Hundertmark, Jana
dc.contributor.author
Guillot, Adrien
dc.contributor.author
Tacke, Frank
dc.date.accessioned
2022-01-21T09:42:45Z
dc.date.available
2022-01-21T09:42:45Z
dc.identifier.uri
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/33676
dc.identifier.uri
http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-33396
dc.description.abstract
The gut-liver axis covers the bidirectional communication between the gut and the liver, and thus includes signals from liver-to-gut (e.g., bile acids, immunoglobulins) and from gut-to-liver (e.g., nutrients, microbiota-derived products, and recirculating bile acids). In a healthy individual, liver homeostasis is tightly controlled by the mostly tolerogenic liver resident macrophages, the Kupffer cells, capturing the gut-derived antigens from the blood circulation. However, disturbances of the gut-liver axis have been associated to the progression of varying chronic liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Notably, changes of the gut microbiome, or intestinal dysbiosis, combined with increased intestinal permeability, leads to the translocation of gut-derived bacteria or their metabolites into the portal vein. In the context of concomitant or subsequent liver inflammation, the liver is then infiltrated by responsive immune cells (e.g., monocytes, neutrophils, lymphoid, or dendritic cells), and microbiota-derived products may provoke or exacerbate innate immune responses, hence perpetuating liver inflammation and fibrosis, and potentiating the risks of developing cirrhosis. Similarly, food derived antigens, bile acids, danger-, and pathogen-associated molecular patterns are able to reshape the liver immune microenvironment. Immune cell intracellular signaling components, such as inflammasome activation, toll-like receptor or nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors signaling, are potent targets of interest for the modulation of the immune response. This review describes the current understanding of the cellular landscape and molecular pathways involved in the gut-liver axis and implicated in chronic liver disease progression. We also provide an overview of innovative therapeutic approaches and current clinical trials aiming at targeting the gut-liver axis for the treatment of patients with chronic liver and/or intestinal diseases.
en
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject
liver diseases
en
dc.subject
immune cells
en
dc.subject
gut-liver axis
en
dc.subject
TLRs (Toll-like receptors)
en
dc.subject
NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease)
en
dc.subject.ddc
600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
dc.title
Molecular and Cellular Mediators of the Gut-Liver Axis in the Progression of Liver Diseases
dc.type
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.articlenumber
725390
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.doi
10.3389/fmed.2021.725390
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.journaltitle
Frontiers in Medicine
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.originalpublishername
Frontiers Media SA
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.volume
8
refubium.affiliation
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
refubium.resourceType.isindependentpub
no
dcterms.accessRights.openaire
open access
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.pmid
34650994
dcterms.isPartOf.eissn
2296-858X