Education Policy and Integration in Germany

Abstract

The report provides an overview of the educational system in Germany in terms of childcare, primary and secondary schooling and vocational training. It is characterized by German federalism, causing a diversity of structures. Compulsory education in Germany covers nine or ten years of schooling. Depending on their educational attainment in primary school, children attend different forms of secondary schools. Higher education is generally accessible for all students with Abitur or equivalent diploma. Based on human rights and international law, refugees should have full access to education in Germany. In practice, access to education depends on federal structures, locally available facilities, residence titles and language capacity. Refugee children are underrepresented in childcare facilities, whereas their participation in primary and secondary schooling is mainly ensured. However, education is often restricted within the first months of their stay and in some Länder schooling for refugees takes place separately from the regular school system. Access to vocational training has recently been opened to refugees, even if some limitations remain. The state has introduced assistance measures for refugees. Social organizations and volunteers provide language tutoring, homework assistance, training and qualification.