Effect of peas and pea products in diets for broiler chickens with consideration of the intestinal microbiota

Abstract

In addition to the whole white-flowered pea, pea protein concentrates and pea hulls can be utilized in animal nutrition. In particular, fermentable carbohydrates and fibers in peas and pea products seem to contribute to intestinal health and health maintenance in poultry, due to their prebiotic effect on the intestinal microbiota. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different proportions of peas (P), pea protein concentrate (PPC) and pea hulls (PH) in complete feed mixtures for broilers on growth and slaughter performance as well as intestinal microbiota. Twenty diets with varying proportions of peas and pea products were fed to male broilers from d 1 to 34. Short-chain fatty acid analysis and 16S sequencing were used to examine the ileal and cecal microbiota for selected feeding groups. Overall, the attained fattening performances were at a high level. The use of peas and pea products did not affect body weight on d 34 or slaughter performance. The use of pea hulls up to 6% resulted in the highest overall feed intake and overall feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001). Microbiota composition and ileal bacterial metabolites were unchanged. Microbiota changes in the cecum were found between dietary treatments for several subdominant microbial genera that preferentially ferment carbohydrates. This study has shown that peas and pea products are well-suited as feedstuffs for feeding broilers when used appropriately. Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota responded with an increased abundance of nonpathogenic genera that may help maintain intestinal microbial homeostasis.