Role of positive mental health in reducing fears related to COVID-19 and general anxiety disorder in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed multiple challenges to healthcare systems. Evidence suggests that mental well-being is badly affected due to compliance with preventative measures in containing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the role of positive mental health (subjective sense of wellbeing) to cope with fears related to COVID-19 and general anxiety disorder in the Pashtun community in Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 501 respondents from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa participating in an online-based study. We performed correlational analysis, hierarchical linear regression and structural equational modeling (SEM) to analyze the role of mental health in reducing fears and general anxiety disorder.

Results: The results of the SEM show that positive mental health has direct effects in reducing the fear related to COVID-19 (beta = - 0.244, p < 0.001) and general anxiety (beta = - 0.210, p < 0.001). Fears of COVID-19 has a direct effect on increasing general anxiety (beta = 0.480). In addition, positive mental health also has an indirect effect (beta = - 0.117, p < 0.001) on general anxiety (R-2 = 0.32, p < 0.001) through reducing fear of coronavirus.

Conclusion: Based on these findings, there is a need to develop community health policies emphasizing on promotive and preventive mental health strategies for people practicing social/physical distancing.