On pyridine chloronium cations

Abstract

We present the first solid-state structural evidence of mono- and bis(pyridine)chloronium cations. The latter was synthesized from a mixture of pyridine, elemental chlorine and sodium tetrafluoroborate in propionitrile at low temperatures. The mono(pyridine) chloronium cation was realized with the less reactive pentafluoropyridine, using ClF, AsF5, and C5F5N in anhydrous HF. During the course of this study, we also investigated pyridine dichlorine adducts and found a surprising disproportionation reaction of chlorine that depended on the substitutional pattern of the pyridine. Electron richer dimethylpyridine (lutidine) derivatives favor full disproportionation into a positively and a negatively charged chlorine atom which forms a trichloride monoanion, while unsubstituted pyridine forms a 1 : 1 py·Cl2 adduct.