dc.contributor.author
Paasch-Colberg, Sünje
dc.contributor.author
Strippel, Christian
dc.contributor.author
Trebbe, Joachim
dc.contributor.author
Emmer, Martin
dc.date.accessioned
2021-02-04T10:23:43Z
dc.date.available
2021-02-04T10:23:43Z
dc.identifier.uri
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/29482
dc.identifier.uri
http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-29226
dc.description.abstract
Abstract In recent debates on offensive language in participatory online spaces, the term ‘hate speech’ has become especially prominent. Originating from a legal context, the term usually refers to violent threats or expressions of prejudice against particular groups on the basis of race, religion, or sexual orientation. However, due to its explicit reference to the emotion of hate, it is also used more colloquially as a general label for any kind of negative expression. This ambiguity leads to misunderstandings in discussions about hate speech and challenges its identification. To meet this challenge, this article provides a modularized framework to differentiate various forms of hate speech and offensive language. On the basis of this framework, we present a text annotation study of 5,031 user comments on the topic of immigration and refuge posted in March 2019 on three German news sites, four Facebook pages, 13 YouTube channels, and one right-wing blog. An in-depth analysis of these comments identifies various types of hate speech and offensive language targeting immigrants and refugees. By exploring typical combinations of labeled attributes, we empirically map the variety of offensive language in the subject area ranging from insults to calls for hate crimes, going beyond the common ‘hate/no-hate’ dichotomy found in similar studies. The results are discussed with a focus on the grey area between hate speech and offensive language.
en
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject
comment sections
en
dc.subject
content analysis
en
dc.subject
text annotation
en
dc.subject
user comments;
en
dc.subject.ddc
300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften
dc.title
From Insult to Hate Speech
dc.type
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
dc.title.subtitle
Mapping Offensive Language in German User Comments on Immigration
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.doi
10.17645/mac.v9i1.3399
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.journaltitle
Media and Communication
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.number
1
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.pagestart
171
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.pageend
180
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.volume
9
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.url
http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i1.3399
refubium.affiliation
Politik- und Sozialwissenschaften
refubium.affiliation.other
Institut für Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft
refubium.note.author
Die Publikation wurde aus Open Access Publikationsgeldern der Freien Universität Berlin gefördert.
refubium.resourceType.isindependentpub
no
dcterms.accessRights.openaire
open access
dcterms.isPartOf.eissn
2183-2439