dc.contributor.author
Zhang, Wenyan
dc.contributor.author
Zhang, Letian
dc.contributor.author
He, Wanting
dc.contributor.author
Zhang, Xu
dc.contributor.author
Wen, Baiqing
dc.contributor.author
Wang, Congcong
dc.contributor.author
Xu, Qiuhua
dc.contributor.author
Li, Gairu
dc.contributor.author
Zhou, Jiyong
dc.contributor.author
Veit, Michael
dc.contributor.author
Su, Shuo
dc.date.accessioned
2019-07-25T12:27:37Z
dc.date.available
2019-07-25T12:27:37Z
dc.identifier.uri
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/25155
dc.identifier.uri
http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-2910
dc.description.abstract
Influenza C virus (ICV) was first identified in humans and swine, but recently also in cattle, indicating a wider host range and potential threat to both the livestock industry and public health than was originally anticipated. The ICV hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) glycoprotein has multiple functions in the viral replication cycle and is the major determinant of antigenicity. Here, we developed a comparative approach integrating genetics, molecular selection analysis, and structural biology to identify the codon usage and adaptive evolution of ICV. We show that ICV can be classified into six lineages, consistent with previous studies. The HE gene has a low codon usage bias, which may facilitate ICV replication by reducing competition during evolution. Natural selection, dinucleotide composition, and mutation pressure shape the codon usage patterns of the ICV HE gene, with natural selection being the most important factor. Codon adaptation index (CAI) and relative codon deoptimization index (RCDI) analysis revealed that the greatest adaption of ICV was to humans, followed by cattle and swine. Additionally, similarity index (SiD) analysis revealed that swine exerted a stronger evolutionary pressure on ICV than humans, which is considered the primary reservoir. Furthermore, a similar tendency was also observed in the M gene. Of note, we found HE residues 176, 194, and 198 to be under positive selection, which may be the result of escape from antibody responses. Our study provides useful information on the genetic evolution of ICV from a new perspective that can help devise prevention and control strategies.
en
dc.format.extent
18 Seiten
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject
Influenza C virus
en
dc.subject
hemagglutinin-esterase fusion glycoprotein (HE)
en
dc.subject
codon usage bias
en
dc.subject
natural selection
en
dc.subject
selection pressure
en
dc.subject.ddc
600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
dc.subject.ddc
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::576 Genetik und Evolution
dc.title
Genetic Evolution and Molecular Selection of the HE Gene of Influenza C Virus
dc.type
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.articlenumber
167
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.doi
10.3390/v11020167
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.journaltitle
Viruses
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.number
2
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.volume
11
refubium.affiliation
Veterinärmedizin
refubium.affiliation.other
Institut für Virologie

refubium.resourceType.isindependentpub
no
dcterms.accessRights.openaire
open access
dcterms.isPartOf.eissn
1999-4915