dc.contributor.author
Li, Yan
dc.date.accessioned
2018-06-08T00:30:40Z
dc.date.available
2016-07-18T09:14:08.081Z
dc.identifier.uri
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12052
dc.identifier.uri
http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-16250
dc.description
Table of Contents I List of Tables VII List of Figures IX Abbreviations XIII
Summary XVI Zusammenfassung XVII Acknowledgements XVIII 1 Introduction 1 1.1
Research background and research questions 1 1.2 Research objective and
arguments 3 1.3 Significance of the research 4 1.4 Organization of the thesis
5 2 Theoretical Framework 6 2.1 Multi-perspectival turns in economic geography
6 2.1.1 The relational perspective and the relational turn 7 2.1.2 The
institutional perspective and the institutional turn 8 2.1.3 The evolutionary
perspective and the evolutionary turn 10 2.1.4 Summary of the turns and a
relational-dynamic perspective 12 2.2 Contextuality, path dependence and
contingency 14 2.2.1 Contextuality 14 2.2.2 Path dependence 17 2.2.3
Contingency 18 2.2.4 Summary 18 2.3 Regional development and regional
capability 19 2.3.1 Regional development: a relational-dynamic perspective 19
2.3.2 The concept of capabilities and the capability approach 20 (1) The
concept of capabilities 20 (2) The capability approach 20 2.3.3 Regional
capability 21 (1) Regional capabilities and dynamic capabilities 21 (2)
Regional capability: definition and characteristics 22 (3) Regional assets 23
2.3.4 Summary 24 2.4 Regional governance: towards regional sustainability 25
2.4.1 Regional governance: a synergy of multi-level governance and multi-actor
governance 25 2.4.2 Regional planning as governance 26 2.4.3 Regional
governance and regional planning: towards regional sustainability 27 2.4.4
Summary 29 2.5 Concluding remarks on the theoretical framework 29 3 Analytical
Framework, Methodology and Research Areas 31 3.1 Analytical framework and
methodology 31 3.1.1 Research design and analytical framework 31 3.1.2
Methodology 32 3.2 Research areas 36 3.2.1 The Northeast (NE) 40 3.2.2 Yangtze
River Delta (YRD) 42 4 Path-Assets Analysis I: Economic Dimension 44 4.1
Regional economy and structure 44 4.1.1 Gross regional product (GRP) 45 4.1.2
GRP per capita 46 4.1.3 GRP by three strata of industry 46 4.2 Employment and
unemployment 47 4.2.1 Total number of employed persons 47 4.2.2 Employment by
three strata of industry 48 4.2.3 Registered urban unemployment rate 49 4.3
Fixed asset investment (FAI) 50 4.3.1 Regional total FAI and its percentage to
national total FAI 50 4.3.2 The percentage of FAI to GDP 51 4.3.3 FAI by
sector 51 4.4 Government revenue 53 4.5 Transport 53 4.5.1 Length of railways
and highways 54 4.5.2 Regional inland transport network density 56 4.5.3
Passenger and freight traffic 56 4.6 Foreign trade 58 4.6.1 Imports and
exports 58 4.6.2 Foreign direct investment 59 4.7 Conclusion 61 5 Path-assets
analysis II: Social-cultural Dimension 63 5.1 Population 63 5.1.1 Population
at year-end 63 5.1.2 Natural growth rate and total fertility rate 64 5.1.3
Population density 65 5.1.4 Population change besides natural growth 65 5.1.5
Average life expectancy 66 5.1.6 Urbanization rate 66 5.1.7 Ethnic groups and
religions 67 5.2 People’s living conditions 68 5.2.1 Average wage of staff and
workers 68 5.2.2 Annual income per capita 69 5.2.3 Resident consumption per
capita 70 5.2.4 Urban and rural consumption disparities and the average cost
of living 71 5.2.5 Savings deposits of urban and rural residents per capita 72
5.3 Public health service 73 5.3.1 Total number of doctors 73 5.3.2 Number of
doctors per 10000 persons 74 5.3.3 Total number of beds of health care
institutions 74 5.3.4 Number of beds of health care institutions per 10000
persons 74 5.4 Education 74 5.4.1 Elementary education 74 5.4.2 Secondary
education 76 5.4.3 Higher education 77 5.5 Science and technology:
expenditures on R&D; 78 5.6 Governmental financial funds on social-
cultural expenditures: expenditures on education, science, culture and public
health 79 5.7 Conclusion 80 6 Path-Assets Analysis III: Environmental
Dimension 82 6.1 Historical context: the change in human-environment
relationship in Maoist China (1949-1976) and its long-lasting effects on
environmental degradation and pollution in China 82 6.1.1 The change in human-
environment relationship in Maoist China (1949-1976) 82 6.1.2 The state of
environmental degradation and pollution in China 82 6.1.3 Economic and social
costs of environmental degradation and pollution in China 83 6.2 The
environment of the NE 84 6.2.1 Geographical location and climate 84 6.2.2
Biome and ecosystem 86 6.2.3 Soil and agricultural conditions 88 6.2.4
Resource use 89 6.3 The environment of YRD 91 6.3.1 Geographical location and
climate 91 6.3.2 Biome and ecosystem 92 6.3.3 Soil and agricultural conditions
93 6.3.4 Resource use 94 6.4 Quantitative environmental path-assets analysis
of the NE and YRD 96 6.4.1 Forest 96 6.4.2 Natural reserves 97 6.4.3 Energy
consumption 98 6.4.4 Air quality (main cities) 99 6.4.5 Water quality (key
monitored sections of rivers and lakes) 103 6.4.6 Environmental accidents 106
6.4.7 Investment in pollution treatment 109 6.5 Conclusion 110 7 Path-Assets
Analysis IV: Political-Institutional Dimension 113 7.1 Introduction to the
political-institutional context in China: top-down versus bottom-up 114 7.1.1
One-party dominated top-down political system 114 7.1.2 Endogenous bottom-up
power rescaling 116 7.2 Multilevel environmental governance in China: a
political-historical perspective 118 7.2.1 The national-regional level 119 (1)
Establishment of institutions for environmental governance 119 (2)
Environmental regulation and policies 121 (3) Capacity, knowledge and
technology 126 (4) Economic instruments and incentives 127 (5) Public
participation and the role of non-state actors 129 7.2.2 The provincial level
133 7.2.3 The local level 136 7.3 Political-institutional path-assets analysis
of the NE and YRD 140 7.3.1 The NE 140 (1) Environmental governance network of
state actors 140 (2) SOE and environmental pollution accident 141 7.3.2 YRD
144 (1) Cooperation between provincial EPDs, local EPBs and environmental NGOs
144 (2) Dynamics of actors, actions and environmental accidents 145 7.4
Conclusion 148 8 Regional Planning: A Proposal for Regional Governance towards
Regional Sustainability 152 8.1 Introduction: regional planning in China 152
8.1.1 Background: a historical overview of planning in China 152 (1) Center-
led economic planning before 1978 152 (2) Territory planning from late 1970s
to the beginning of the 1990s 153 (3) Urban planning since the 1990s 154 (4) A
new era of development planning since the 2000s 155 8.1.2 Regional planning in
China 156 (1) The evolution of regional planning in China: a historical
perspective 156 (2) Regional planning as a guideline for national development
157 (3) The instrumentality of regional planning 158 8.1.3 Recent planning
approaches 159 (1) Pilot projects of regional planning as bottom-up adjustment
since 2006 159 (2) The Plan for Principal Function Zones since 2006 160 (3)
Participatory planning processes 161 8.2 Case studies: regional planning
practices of the NE and YRD 162 8.2.1 Regional planning practices of the NE
163 (1) Background: Northeast Phenomenon and revitalization of the NE 163 (2)
The Plan of Revitalizing Northeast China 165 (3) Enthusiasm for planning after
the Plan of Revitalizing Northeast China 166 8.2.2 Regional planning practices
of YRD 168 (1) Background: endogenous inter-city cooperation in YRD since the
1980s 168 (2) Planning practices and policy consultancy before the YRD
Regional Plan 169 (3) The YRD Regional Plan 172 8.2.3 Main findings of the
case studies 173 8.3 Conclusion 174 9 Conclusion 176 9.1 Empirical results and
implications of the case studies 176 9.1.1 Regional development of the NE 176
9.1.2 Regional development of YRD 178 9.1.3 The path-assets analysis of the NE
and YRD 179 9.1.4 Regional development and governance in China 182 9.2
Reflections on regional capability as a theoretical approach of regional
analysis 185 9.2.1 Regional capability: its origin, definition and
characteristics 185 9.2.2 A rethink of regional capability as a theoretical
approach for regional analysis: its applicability, limitation and contribution
186 9.3 Methodological application of the concept of regional capability 187
9.3.1 A six-step methodology for spatial analysis based on capability analysis
187 9.3.2 Methodological application of the six-step methodology: a scientific
view 188 9.3.3 Methodological application of the six-step methodology in
practice 189 9.4 Promoting regional capability towards regional sustainability
in practice: future recommendations for the government on regional governance
and planning in China 189 9.4.1 Increasing public participation in the
governance and planning process 189 9.4.2 Reforming the performance evaluation
system for government officials 190 9.4.3 Establishing a specific regional
coordination institution at the national level 191 9.5 Open questions and
further research directions 191 References 193 Curriculum Vitae 218
dc.description.abstract
The Northeast of China as an old national industrial base has not been able to
escape the shadow of deindustrialization. The Yangtze River Delta, on the
other hand, has moved from strength to strength, becoming a leading region of
the Chinese economy. Why have these two regions developed so differently? What
factors play a role? This study attempts to grasp the complexity of regional
development analytically. It examines the latest findings and concepts from
economic geography – from the relational, institutional and evolutionary turns
of economic geography to the concept of contextuality, path dependence and
contingency –, develops a concept of regional capability and proposes path-
assets analysis as a model for regional analysis based on a relational-dynamic
perspective. The study applies and tests the model empirically with reference
to Northeast China and the Yangtze River Delta in the period from 1978 to
2015. It conducts a multi-dimensional path-assets analysis of economic, socio-
cultural, environmental and political-institutional factors using official
statistical data, planning documents, expert interviews and participant
observation of planning processes in the two regions. It concludes that
regional development cannot be sustained by relying on national policy and
investment alone, but requires endogenous impetus and innovation based on
regional assets, and hence regional governance and planning can be effective
tools for the management and the strengthening of regional capability. The
analytical framework proposed deploys a capability-based interdisciplinary
approach for regional analysis. It offers a new perspective for regional
planners, scientists and policy makers to facilitate regional governance from
an interdisciplinary and relational-dynamic perspective by analyzing regional
capability with respect to the implementation of sustainable development, and
is particularly suitable for a capability-based spatial analysis in the sense
of a path-assets analysis under a relational dynamic perspective. It can be
applied to the broader research fields of spatial analysis, with a six-step
methodology recommended. The study therefore makes a theoretical contribution
to geographical development studies and cognate fields, in particular in
connection with current debates in economic geography.
de
dc.description.abstract
Der Nordosten Chinas als ein altes nationales Industriegebiet ist heute noch
nicht aus dem Schatten der Deindustrialisierung. Das Yangtze Delta hat sich
vom Land des Überflußes zu einer führenden Region der chinesischen Wirtschaft
entwickelt. Warum entwickeln sich zwei Regionen so unterschiedlich? Welche
Faktoren spielen dabei eine Rolle? Diese Studie versucht die Komplexität der
Regionalentwicklung analytisch zu fassen. Sie bezieht sich zunächst auf
aktuelle Erkenntnisse und Konzepte aus der Wirtschaftsgeographie, von den
relationale, institutionelle und evolutionäre Wendungen der
Wirtschaftsgeographie bis zum Konzept der Kontextualität, Pfadabhängigkeit und
Kontingenz, und entwickelt die Konzeption der Regionalkapazität (regional
capability). In einem Modell zu Path-Assets Analyse wird eine Regionalanalyse
in relationaler-dynamischer Perspekte vorgeschlagen. Anhand der zwei genannten
Regionen Nordostchina und Yangtze Delta wird das Modell empirisch angewandt
und getestet. Die Studie untersucht die beiden Regionen im Zeitraum 1978-2015.
Sie basiert auf der Auswertung statistischer Sekundärdaten, offiziellen
Planungsdokumenten, Experteninterviews und Beobachtungen während der eigenen
Mitarbeit in Planungsprozessen in den beiden Regionen. Dabei werden eine
mehrdimensionale Path-Assets Analyse auf die wirtschaftliche, soziokulturelle,
ökologische und politisch-institutionelle Aspekte analysiert. Es zeigt sich,
dass die Regionalentwicklung nicht nur auf die nationale Politik und
Investitionen angewiesen ist, sondern ebenso auf endogene Impulse und
Innovationen basiert, um die eigenen regionalen Assets aufrechtzuerhalten.
Regionalen Governance und Planung können so effektive Instrumente sein für das
Management und die Stärkung der Regionalkapazität. Die vorgeschlagene Analyse
ist ein capability-basierter interdisziplinärer Ansatz zur Regionalanalyse mit
verbundene analytische Rahmen, bietet aber eine neue Perspektive für regionale
Governance, die regionalen Planern, Wissenschaftlern und politischen
Entscheidungsträgern erlaubt, die Capability einer Region in Bezug auf die
Umsetzung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung interdisziplinär und relational
dynamisch zu analysieren, und eignet sich besonders für eine capability-
basierte räumliche Analyse im Sinne einer Path-Assets Analyse unter einer
relationalen dynamischen Perspektive. Sie kann auf breitere Forschungsfelder
der Raumanalyse angewandt werden. Empfohlen wird eine Sechs-Schritt-Methodik.
Die Studie leistet damit einen theoretischen Beitrag zur geographischen
Entwicklungsforschung in Bezug auf Methodologien zu geographischen
Raumanalysen in Verknüpfung mit aktuellen Debatten aus der
Wirtschaftsgeographie.
de
dc.format.extent
XVIII, 218 Seiten
dc.rights.uri
http://www.fu-berlin.de/sites/refubium/rechtliches/Nutzungsbedingungen
dc.subject
regional development
dc.subject
regional analysis
dc.subject
economic geography
dc.subject
regional capability
dc.subject
path-assets analysis
dc.subject.ddc
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften
dc.title
An Exploration of Regional Capability
dc.contributor.contact
yan.germany@gmail.com
dc.contributor.firstReferee
Prof. Dr. Dörte Segebart
dc.contributor.furtherReferee
Prof. Dr. Oliver Ibert
dc.date.accepted
2016-07-14
dc.identifier.urn
urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-fudissthesis000000102530-3
dc.title.subtitle
Towards A Comprehensive Understanding of Regional Development, Governance and
Planning in China with Case Studies from the Northeast and Yangtze River
Delta, 1978-2015
dc.title.translated
Eine Exploration der Regionalkapazität
de
dc.title.translatedsubtitle
Auf dem Weg zu einem umfassenden Verständnis für Regionalentwicklung,
Governance und Planung in China mit Fallstudien von Nordostchina und Yangtze
Delta, 1978-2015
de
refubium.affiliation
Geowissenschaften
de
refubium.mycore.fudocsId
FUDISS_thesis_000000102530
refubium.mycore.derivateId
FUDISS_derivate_000000019582
dcterms.accessRights.dnb
free
dcterms.accessRights.openaire
open access