%PDF-1.6
%
1 0 obj
<>
endobj
2 0 obj
<>stream
Kathrin Nowak, Jakob Fahr, Natalie Weber, Antina Lübke-Becker, Torsten Semmler, Sabrina Weiss, Jean-Vivien Mombouli, Lothar H. Wieler, Sebastian Guenther, Fabian H. Leendertz, Christa Ewers
Highly diverse and antimicrobial susceptible Escherichia coli display a naïve bacterial population in fruit bats from the Republic of Congo
www.plosone.org
www.plosone.org
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 12 0 R/Annots 13 0 R/Contents 14 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
13 0 obj
[15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R]
endobj
15 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref001)>>
endobj
16 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref002)>>
endobj
17 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref003)>>
endobj
18 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref004)>>
endobj
19 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref006)>>
endobj
20 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref007)>>
endobj
21 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref008)>>
endobj
22 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref009)>>
endobj
23 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref010)>>
endobj
24 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref011)>>
endobj
25 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref013)>>
endobj
26 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref014)>>
endobj
27 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref011)>>
endobj
28 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref012)>>
endobj
29 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref015)>>
endobj
30 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref016)>>
endobj
31 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref013)>>
endobj
32 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref017)>>
endobj
33 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref019)>>
endobj
34 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref014)>>
endobj
35 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref020)>>
endobj
36 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref021)>>
endobj
37 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref022)>>
endobj
38 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref013)>>
endobj
39 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref023)>>
endobj
40 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref025)>>
endobj
41 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref026)>>
endobj
42 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref027)>>
endobj
43 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref028)>>
endobj
44 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref030)>>
endobj
45 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref031)>>
endobj
46 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref035)>>
endobj
47 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref017)>>
endobj
48 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref023)>>
endobj
49 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref036)>>
endobj
50 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178146.ref037)>>
endobj
51 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 52 0 R>>
endobj
52 0 obj
<>
endobj
14 0 obj
[53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R]
endobj
53 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.45 0.36 0.35 0.01 k
0 w
575.9997 680.2299 m
199.9998 680.2299 l
199.9998 680.73 l
575.9997 680.73 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
337.5496 598.0535 m
342.2551 598.0535 l
h
f*
230.5134 559.0488 m
235.2189 559.0488 l
h
f*
237.4866 559.0488 m
242.2488 559.0488 l
h
f*
313.852 533.0268 m
318.5575 533.0268 l
h
f*
323.7732 533.0268 m
328.5354 533.0268 l
h
f*
388.6299 520.0441 m
393.3921 520.0441 l
h
f*
468.2268 520.0441 m
472.989 520.0441 l
h
f*
537.1654 520.0441 m
541.9276 520.0441 l
h
f*
250.4126 507.0614 m
259.937 507.0614 l
h
f*
336.6425 494.022 m
346.1669 494.022 l
h
f*
351.326 494.022 m
360.8504 494.022 l
h
f*
380.5795 481.0394 m
390.0472 481.0394 l
h
f*
318.274 468.0567 m
327.7984 468.0567 l
h
f*
330.0094 468.0567 m
339.5339 468.0567 l
h
f*
341.8016 468.0567 m
351.326 468.0567 l
h
f*
353.5937 468.0567 m
363.0614 468.0567 l
h
f*
453.0331 442.0346 m
462.5575 442.0346 l
h
f*
464.8252 442.0346 m
474.3496 442.0346 l
h
f*
479.5087 442.0346 m
489.0331 442.0346 l
h
f*
341.5181 403.0299 m
351.0425 403.0299 l
h
f*
353.2535 403.0299 m
362.778 403.0299 l
h
f*
511.5402 377.0646 m
521.0646 377.0646 l
h
f*
523.3323 377.0646 m
532.8 377.0646 l
h
f*
274.9039 338.0598 m
284.4283 338.0598 l
h
f*
286.6961 338.0598 m
296.2205 338.0598 l
h
f*
301.3795 338.0598 m
310.9039 338.0598 l
h
f*
295.3701 286.0157 m
304.8945 286.0157 l
h
f*
307.1055 286.0157 m
316.6299 286.0157 l
h
f*
300.0189 273.0331 m
309.5433 273.0331 l
h
f*
314.7024 273.0331 m
324.2268 273.0331 l
h
f*
325.5307 234.0283 m
334.9984 234.0283 l
h
f*
340.2142 234.0283 m
349.6819 234.0283 l
h
f*
203.4142 208.063 m
212.9386 208.063 l
h
f*
215.1496 208.063 m
224.674 208.063 l
h
f*
226.9417 208.063 m
236.4661 208.063 l
h
f*
238.6772 208.063 m
248.2016 208.063 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
9.5 0 0 9.5 200.0125 707.7543 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0042 Tc
0 0 Td
(studies)Tj
3.3478 0 Td
(featuring)Tj
4.064 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9846 0 Td
(depth)Tj
2.6915 0 Td
(comparative)Tj
5.6095 0 Td
(whole)Tj
2.7989 0 Td
(genome)Tj
3.7954 0 Td
(sequence)Tj
4.5056 0 Td
(analyses)Tj
4.1177 0 Td
(will)Tj
1.5814 0 Td
(provide)Tj
-33.4964 -1.474 Td
(insights)Tj
3.5626 0 Td
(into)Tj
1.8142 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.5934 0 Td
(microevolution)Tj
6.5883 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0443 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.7605 0 Td
(interesting)Tj
4.7741 0 Td
(strain)Tj
2.6317 0 Td
(collection.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 629.1212 cm
BT
/F4 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Introduction)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 612.1133 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(Bats)Tj
1.8935 0 Td
(\(Chiroptera\))Tj
5.2781 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(second)Tj
3.0104 0 Td
(most)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(diverse)Tj
3.0501 0 Td
(order)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(mammals)Tj
4.1555 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(1300)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(species)Tj
-34.435 -1.2982 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(almost)Tj
2.8856 0 Td
(global)Tj
2.6249 0 Td
(distribution)Tj
4.9719 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(1)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(Some)Tj
2.4435 0 Td
(special)Tj
2.897 0 Td
(features)Tj
3.3448 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(morphology,)Tj
5.3688 0 Td
(physiology)Tj
-32.19 -1.3039 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(behaviour)Tj
4.2406 0 Td
(make)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(bats)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(unique)Tj
3.0217 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(role)Tj
1.7631 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(reservoirs)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(distributors)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(pathogens;)Tj
-31.2659 -1.2983 Td
(above)Tj
2.5454 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(ability)Tj
2.6929 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(active)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(flight,)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
(enables)Tj
3.1635 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(spread)Tj
2.8573 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(pathogens)Tj
4.303 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(long)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(dis-)Tj
-34.1969 -1.2983 Td
(tances)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(2)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(3)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.3017 0 Td
(Over)Tj
2.2167 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(last)Tj
1.559 0 Td
(decades,)Tj
3.566 0 Td
(bats)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(suggested)Tj
4.0706 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(identified)Tj
4.0592 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(reservoir)Tj
3.77 0 Td
(hosts)Tj
2.2734 0 Td
(for)Tj
-36.1131 -1.3039 Td
(several)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(viruses)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(considerable)Tj
5.2611 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(animal)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(concern,)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
(such)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Marburgvirus,)Tj
5.9924 0 Td
(Hen-)Tj
-35.4101 -1.2982 Td
(dra,)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(Nipah)Tj
2.7043 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(SARS)Tj
2.4775 0 Td
(viruses)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(4)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(6)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.5908 0 Td
(Previous)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
(studies)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(shown)Tj
2.8517 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(bats)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(might)Tj
2.6022 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1508 0 Td
(sources)Tj
-34.3386 -1.2983 Td
(for)Tj
1.3832 0 Td
(bacterial)Tj
3.6284 0 Td
(pathogens)Tj
4.2973 0 Td
(such)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(as)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()-3()2()12()11()7()10()11()12()20( )]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
4.2973 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8368 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(7)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
1.6044 0 Td
[(\n)-6( )11()12()6()11(\r)6()15()4()4( )]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
4.5184 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8368 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(8)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
1.6044 0 Td
[()106()2()5()10()12(\r)18()4( )]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
3.4469 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8426 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(9)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.3776 0 Td
(or)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
1.0942 0 Td
[()-2( )16()19()]TJ
-35.8467 -1.2983 Td
[()11()11(\r)6()15()4()4( )]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
2.8573 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(10)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-3.5036 -1.3039 Td
(Bats)Tj
1.8935 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(carry)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
2.2734 0 Td
[()-4()-3()13()6()2()-9()4()13()18()4( )]TJ
4.6318 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(11)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(13)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
3.5433 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(classical)Tj
3.4129 0 Td
(component)Tj
4.8132 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(intestinal)Tj
3.9175 0 Td
(microbiota)Tj
-32.1503 -1.2983 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(humans)Tj
3.4356 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(most)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(warm)Tj
2.5285 0 Td
(blooded)Tj
3.464 0 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3335 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(14)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(Most)Tj
2.2791 0 Td
(investigations)Tj
5.7202 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(restricted)Tj
3.9855 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(classi-)Tj
-34.9226 -1.2982 Td
(cal)Tj
1.3209 0 Td
(microbiological)Tj
6.4799 0 Td
(methods)Tj
3.6851 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(11)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(12)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(15)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(16)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
5.6069 0 Td
(whereas)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(further)Tj
3.0273 0 Td
(determination)Tj
5.9528 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(pathogenic)Tj
-32.0029 -1.3039 Td
(potential)Tj
3.7587 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(isolated)Tj
3.2825 0 Td
(strains)Tj
2.8629 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5421 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.9785 0 Td
(rarely)Tj
2.5229 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4673 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(mainly)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(restricted)Tj
3.9855 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(phylo-)Tj
-34.9849 -1.2983 Td
(genetic)Tj
3.067 0 Td
(assignment)Tj
4.7509 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0941 0 Td
(detection)Tj
3.9402 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(intestinal)Tj
3.9118 0 Td
(pathogenic)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
4.6318 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(13)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(17)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(19)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-23.7655 -1.2983 Td
(Besides)Tj
3.1634 0 Td
(commensal)Tj
4.8075 0 Td
(strains,)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(species)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
2.9991 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(comprises)Tj
4.2747 0 Td
(several)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(zoonotic)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
(pathovars)Tj
4.1272 0 Td
(causing)Tj
-34.2933 -1.3039 Td
(intra-)Tj
2.4888 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(extraintestinal)Tj
5.9073 0 Td
(diseases)Tj
3.3789 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(humans)Tj
3.4413 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(animals,)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(such)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(diarrhoea,)Tj
4.3086 0 Td
(septicaemia,)Tj
5.1137 0 Td
(uri-)Tj
-35.7616 -1.2982 Td
(nary)Tj
2.0295 0 Td
(tract)Tj
2.041 0 Td
(infections)Tj
4.1555 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0999 0 Td
(meningitis)Tj
4.4844 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(14)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(20)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.2541 0 Td
(While)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(much)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(known)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(about)Tj
2.4945 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(prevalence)Tj
4.4901 0 Td
(and)Tj
-34.5371 -1.2983 Td
(pathogenic)Tj
4.6317 0 Td
(potential)Tj
3.7587 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9922 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.5647 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(humans)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(domestic)Tj
3.8495 0 Td
(animals,)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(little)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8448 0 Td
(known)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(about)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
2.4944 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9922 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(in)Tj
-36.4646 -1.2983 Td
(wildlife.)Tj
3.3958 0 Td
(Few)Tj
1.8539 0 Td
(studies)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(reveal)Tj
2.5738 0 Td
(mainly)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(commensal)Tj
4.8019 0 Td
(strains)Tj
2.863 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(captive)Tj
3.0387 0 Td
(wild)Tj
1.9446 0 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(21)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(22)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
3.2541 0 Td
(whereas)Tj
-34.0665 -1.3039 Td
(others)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(reported)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(zoonotic)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(potentially)Tj
4.4617 0 Td
(extra)Tj
2.2167 0 Td
(intestinal)Tj
3.9118 0 Td
(pathogenic)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
4.6318 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(\(ExPEC\))Tj
3.7304 0 Td
(strains)Tj
-33.2898 -1.2983 Td
(originating)Tj
4.6601 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(wildlife,)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(indicating)Tj
4.2633 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(wildlife)Tj
3.1691 0 Td
(might)Tj
2.5966 0 Td
(serve)Tj
2.2563 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(source)Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0999 0 Td
(reservoir)Tj
3.77 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(viru-)Tj
-34.7128 -1.2982 Td
(lent)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
1.7347 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9922 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.5647 0 Td
(strains)Tj
2.8573 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(13)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(23)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(25)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
4.7225 0 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(extent)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(pathogenic)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
4.6318 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(bats)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(might)Tj
2.6022 0 Td
(be)Tj
-36.1131 -1.3039 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(zoonotic)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
(relevance)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(difficult)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(assess,)Tj
2.7439 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(types,)Tj
2.5002 0 Td
(e.g.)Tj
1.559 0 Td
(determined)Tj
4.8529 0 Td
(by)Tj
-36.5553 -1.2983 Td
(multilocus)Tj
4.4446 0 Td
(sequence)Tj
3.8551 0 Td
(typing)Tj
2.7723 0 Td
(\(MLST\),)Tj
3.6453 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.5761 0 Td
(available.)Tj
3.8891 0 Td
(Food)Tj
2.2903 0 Td
(represents)Tj
4.32 0 Td
(one)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(main)Tj
2.2904 0 Td
(infec-)Tj
-34.7128 -1.2983 Td
(tion)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(sources)Tj
3.1917 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(intestinal)Tj
3.9118 0 Td
(pathogenic)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
4.6318 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(there)Tj
2.2677 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(scientific)Tj
3.7871 0 Td
(support)Tj
3.3221 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(foodborne)Tj
-32.6208 -1.3039 Td
(infections)Tj
4.1498 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(ExPEC)Tj
3.0444 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(26)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(27)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.2541 0 Td
(As)Tj
1.2643 0 Td
(bats)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(provide)Tj
3.2882 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(considerable)Tj
5.2611 0 Td
(protein)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(source)Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(people)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(in)Tj
-34.9622 -1.2983 Td
(many)Tj
2.4774 0 Td
(African)Tj
3.2372 0 Td
(countries)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(28)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(30)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
3.5432 0 Td
(it)Tj
0.7881 0 Td
(would)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1508 0 Td
(highly)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(desirable)Tj
3.7814 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(get)Tj
1.4059 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(insight)Tj
2.9537 0 Td
(into)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(prev-)Tj
-35.3818 -1.2982 Td
(alence)Tj
2.7155 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(genetic)Tj
3.0671 0 Td
(background)Tj
5.0286 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.211 0 Td
(these)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(animals.)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(Another)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(important)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(aspect)Tj
2.6758 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(that)Tj
-35.5178 -1.3039 Td
(wild)Tj
1.9445 0 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(increasingly)Tj
5.0286 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(recognized)Tj
4.5921 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(carriers)Tj
3.2428 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(putative)Tj
3.4413 0 Td
(distributors)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(antimi-)Tj
-34.4067 -1.2983 Td
(crobial)Tj
2.9763 0 Td
(resistant)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(\(AMR\))Tj
/F15 1 Tf
3.0954 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9978 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(31)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(35)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.5433 0 Td
(Indeed,)Tj
3.2372 0 Td
(bats)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(shown)Tj
2.846 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(harbour)Tj
3.4639 0 Td
(AMR)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
2.4208 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(,)Tj
-35.7446 -1.2983 Td
(demonstrating)Tj
6.0887 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(they)Tj
1.9219 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.627 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(considered)Tj
4.5978 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2075 0 Td
(important)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(pool)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(genetic)Tj
3.0671 0 Td
(material)Tj
3.5149 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(bacteria)Tj
-33.6356 -1.2982 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(17)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(23)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(36)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(37)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.1962 -1.3039 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(objective)Tj
3.7814 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(determine)Tj
4.3256 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(presence)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(pathogenic)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
4.6318 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(free-rang-)Tj
-33.3068 -1.2983 Td
(ing)Tj
1.4966 0 Td
(fruit)Tj
1.9673 0 Td
(bats)Tj
1.8141 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.1997 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4627 0 Td
(Republic)Tj
3.7473 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0092 0 Td
(Congo)Tj
2.9083 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(investigating)Tj
5.3178 0 Td
(virulence)Tj
3.9004 0 Td
(gene)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(profiles,)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
-32.4905 -1.2983 Td
(types)Tj
2.2733 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(antimicrobial)Tj
5.6126 0 Td
(resistance)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(patterns)Tj
3.4696 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(strains.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 144 cm
BT
/F4 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Materials)Tj
4.5071 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.989 0 Td
(methods)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
-6.4961 -1.5023 Td
(Animal)Tj
3.2362 0 Td
(sampling)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 109.0204 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4731 0 Td
(after)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(written)Tj
3.1124 0 Td
(authorization)Tj
5.6183 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(Ministry)Tj
3.6793 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Scientific)Tj
3.9005 0 Td
(Research)Tj
-32.5585 -1.3039 Td
(\(De)Tj
0 Tc
1.0941 0.0567 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.4025 -0.0567 Td
(le)Tj
0 Tc
0.2722 0.0567 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.3968 -0.0567 Td
(gation)Tj
2.7439 0 Td
(Ge)Tj
0 Tc
0.737 0.0567 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.4025 -0.0567 Td
(ne)Tj
0 Tc
0.567 0.0567 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.4025 -0.0567 Td
(ral)Tj
/F16 1 Tf
1.2699 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
0.6576 0 Td
(la)Tj
0.9014 0 Td
(Recherche)Tj
4.3824 0 Td
(Scientifique)Tj
4.9379 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9411 0 Td
(Technologique\))Tj
6.548 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(Ministry)Tj
3.6793 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Forest)Tj
-34.5484 -1.2982 Td
(Economy)Tj
4.0478 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Wildlife)Tj
3.4526 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(government)Tj
5.0854 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Republic)Tj
3.753 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Congo.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 399.5149 745.7952 cm
BT
/F10 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Escherich)Tj
4.3157 0 Td
(ia)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(coli)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
1.6866 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(fruit)Tj
1.8567 0 Td
(bats)Tj
2.0835 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.1897 0 Td
(Republic)Tj
4.0324 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0417 0 Td
(Congo)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01781)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(46)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(July)Tj
1.9701 0 Td
(12,)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(2017)Tj
35.3483 0 Td
(2)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
54 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
55 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
56 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
57 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
58 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
59 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
60 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
61 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
62 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
63 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
64 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
65 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
66 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
67 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
68 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
69 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
70 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
71 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
72 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
73 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
74 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
75 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
76 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
77 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
78 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
79 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
80 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
81 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
82 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
83 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
84 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
85 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
86 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(18)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
87 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 12 0 R/Annots 91 0 R/Contents 92 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
90 0 obj
<>stream
x[ٶ698MN " Dr`y_oibl5n秖VQ5k֘,c0MD@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@D@DGlD@D@QO;᭛~~v:dnFcd$pkm" " " " " D`h;=<=Eδ<Al76Z;s " "$ΏϏb{1#o1Svv3hN[cPbXD@D@D@D@D@>tl;DZݣ6gA r۳>
N"GGls " "#Q^š]XY^;ñӽHTo'9h4|z{t斗Vݽ_1{xso/_|&" "L_˗}}}}dt&ƛz߷ϝ9_ߵʚDW/$ΐrZMD@D@D@D@DGށ!fHH3SqD@D@D@D@D@ztn^vtYk " " " " "$ 5D@D@D@D@D@D Hi.u#" " " " =C@:N7dI@:N,5hCŜ'" "<PG{b~⥵"E˗رJ_o&??>/p{qK]툀@brcsxD@D@zwx}k?}^\]szl:XKD@:p{^nn3f>:&;N-@cםOss'g''O7Wm#hCM5G:N,5h WtvQhUƫ>ttlbl7%*WWnvn.;R55Ug;Ttk'ic9:V._2?]z#Վ8+6
dMD@D' $
Li8jB$dܓՠD@D3Qjsa-`$T.Sjg%#(z"lX~]g/I陵"" " " " ?"Fa*ztة>9@VLDD@z z}\9y;HTM=3:
DD@:@ԉ /l/ꍜ夾@d8qXkۇ<V0K9qzfU@{q:nuVb."9(U=]w{(pg+sF$KD@D \+D&ҫNI$J_kEw=m$5ֳ+U}amZ9RQtK]! Jj," =FoM:Kg!9pPFሀ(W/ͽT]%%u~v~㗩?KE U3r'$XJ~"tYk " " " " "Оtgf`E@D6B/PT=8|B({@o Z^Lv;]ljdzieIߎƗ%rHlmmC )8HiYq~j" "c^J88:%SDk8" OJTε<